Unlocking Czech History: Prague, Castles, and South Bohemian Towns in Czech Republic

Our journey through the Czech Republic was a captivating exploration of history, architecture, and natural beauty, beginning in the magnificent capital city of Prague. Upon entering the country, our first major stop was the iconic Prague Castle complex, within which stands the breathtaking St. Vitus Cathedral (Katedrála svatého Víta). While often colloquially referred to as Prague Castle itself due to its dominance within the complex, St. Vitus Cathedral is the stunning Gothic masterpiece that serves as the spiritual symbol of the Czech state. Its history is long and intricate; the cathedral was commissioned by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV, a pivotal figure in Czech history, and construction began in 1344 on the site of an earlier 10th-century rotunda. The construction was a monumental undertaking that took almost six centuries to complete, with the final phase of work occurring in the relatively recent period of 1873-1929, resulting in a fascinating blend of Gothic styles spanning different eras. The cathedral's exterior is a marvel of Gothic architecture, with soaring spires, intricate gargoyles, and beautiful stained-glass windows that tell biblical stories. Stepping inside, the sheer height of the nave and the ethereal light filtering through the magnificent stained glass, including the famous Art Nouveau window by Alphonse Mucha, create an atmosphere of awe and reverence.












After exploring the grandeur of Prague Castle and St. Vitus Cathedral, we began our descent through the picturesque Lesser Town (Malá Strana). This charming district is filled with Baroque palaces, embassies, and beautiful gardens, offering a quieter contrast to the bustling Old Town. Our path followed the historic "Royal Way," the traditional coronation route of Czech kings, leading us down the famous Nerudova Street. This atmospheric street is known for its beautiful Baroque facades and unique house signs that served as addresses before numbering systems were introduced. The Royal Way eventually led us to the iconic Charles Bridge, one of Europe's oldest stone bridges, completed in the early 15th century. Crossing Charles Bridge is an experience in itself, lined with impressive Baroque statues of saints and offering beautiful views along the Vltava river towards Prague Castle, the Old Town, and the surrounding Lesser Town rooftops. The bridge is often bustling with street vendors, musicians, and artists, adding to its lively atmosphere. After crossing the bridge, we arrived in the Old Town (Staré Město), the historical medieval center of Prague. We spent time exploring the enchanting cobbled streets around the Old Town Square, a vibrant central hub surrounded by stunning architecture, including the Old Town Hall with its Astronomical Clock, the imposing Týn Church, and the Baroque St. Nicholas Church. The square is a lively place filled with cafes, shops, and street performers.












Leaving the capital, we ventured to the elegant spa city of Karlovy Vary (known in German as Karlsbad), located about 130 km west of Prague in western Bohemia. This city was founded in 1370 by the King of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor, Charles IV, after whom it is named. Karlovy Vary is historically famous for its hot springs, which have attracted visitors seeking curative treatments for centuries. It became particularly popular with international celebrities visiting for spa treatments, adding to its sophisticated ambiance. The city's beautiful architecture and scenic setting have also made it a favored location for a number of films, including the James Bond movie Casino Royale and the film Last Holiday, both of which notably used the city's grand and historic Grandhotel Pupp Hotel. A popular local treat to enjoy while strolling through the colonnades is the traditional spa wafers. The city's curative procedures exploit centuries-proven methods like thermal baths and drinking cures from the mineral springs, alongside more modern treatments such as cryotherapy, floating, and laser therapy. The atmosphere in Karlovy Vary is one of leisurely elegance, with visitors strolling along the Teplá River, sampling the spring waters, and relaxing in the beautiful surroundings.












Our journey through the Czech Republic also took us to the stunning southwestern castle city of Český Krumlov, widely regarded as one of the Czech Republic's finest medieval sites. Its Old Town is a UNESCO-designated World Heritage Site, a truly picturesque area characterized by a maze of twisting alleys that wind around the extensive Český Krumlov castle complex. The town is dramatically situated within a meander of the gushing Vltava river, which is popular with rafting enthusiasts and literally darts through the town, adding a dynamic natural element to the medieval setting. We visited the castle to take in the beautiful views it offers. Entry to the castle tower requires a fee and involves a steep walk up close steps past a huge bell, but the reward is a spectacular view across the surrounding hills and down to the winding river below, showcasing the town's unique layout and the stunning natural landscape. The town itself exudes a quaint atmosphere, with charming cafes tucked into historic buildings, delightful tourist shops selling local crafts and souvenirs, and a prominent church adding to the skyline.











Before leaving the Czech Republic and crossing the border into Austria, we made a stop in the South Bohemian city of České Budějovice. This city, known by its German name "Budweis" (a name historically used, particularly in the 19th century, and internationally recognized due to its brewing connection), has been a significant center of brewing since the 13th century. Its brewing heritage is deeply ingrained in the city's identity, and the local beer, Budvar or Budweiser beer, remains one of the most popular in the country, famously serving as the original inspiration for the American version. This South Bohemian metropolis was historically significant, founded in 1265 by the Czech King Přemysl Otakar II at the confluence of the Vltava and Malše Rivers. The city boasts several important town monuments centered around its large, impressive main square. These include the originally Renaissance Town Hall, an architecturally significant building, the elegant Samson's fountain in the center of the square, and the prominent 72-meter high Black Tower. Climbing the Black Tower offers a beautiful panoramic view of the town and its surroundings, including the sprawling square and the rivers. České Budějovice provided an interesting final stop in the Czech Republic, highlighting its brewing heritage and historical significance.